Só para ela: a feminização da vacina contra o HPV na cobertura midiática brasileira
Keywords:
jornalismo, saúde pública, vacinação, saúde da mulherAbstract
O pânico moral, a descrença nas vacinas e o medo das reações adversas deram o tom à campanha de imunização contra o HPV no Brasil, que teve início em 2014 e que privilegiou as meninas na toma da vacina. Neste trabalho, investigamos os padrões discursivos na cobertura noticiosa durante os cinco anos de campanha de vacinação (2014-2018). A partir de uma perspetiva feminista construcionista, analisamos a cobertura mediática desenrolada pelos jornais Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo e O Estado de S. Paulo, nas suas versões online, e recorremos a dois métodos de análise: a análise de conteúdo e a Análise Crítica do Discurso. A partir dos resultados, discutimos como a cobertura midiática reproduz operações de poder sobre o corpo feminino e estereótipos de género, ao mesmo tempo que elege a controvérsia política como um enquadramento dominante para construir o conhecimento sobre o HPV.
References
Alcantara, J., & Ferreira, R. R. (2020). A infodemia da “gripezinha”: uma análise sobre desinformação e coronavírus no Brasil. Chasqui. Revista Latinoamericana de Comunicación, 1(145), 137-162.
Arif, N., Al-Jefri, M., Bizzi, I. H., Perano, G. B., Goldman, M., Haq, I., ... & Ghezzi, P. (2018). Fake News or Weak Science? Visibility and Characterization of Antivaccine Webpages Returned by Google in Different Languages and Countries. Frontiers in Immunology, 9 (1215).
Armstrong, P. W., & Naylor, C. D. (2019). Counteracting health misinformation: a role for medical journals?. Jama, 321(19), 1863-1864.
Bates, B. R., & Ahmed, R. (2016). Communicating health through mass media: An overview. In B. R. Bates, & R. Ahmed. (Eds.), Health communication and mass media (pp. 29-44). New York and London: Routledge.
Briggs, C. L., & Hallin, D. C. (2016). Making health public: how news coverage is remaking media, medicine, and contemporary life. London and New York: Routledge.
Caldas-Coulthard, C. R. (2007). Caro colega: exclusão linguística e invisibilidade. Discurso & Sociedad, 1(2), 230-246.
Carrieri, V., Madio, L., & Principe, F. (2019). Vaccine hesitancy and (fake) news: Quasi‐experimental evidence from Italy. Health economics, 1377–1382.
Casper, M. J., & Carpenter, L. M. (2008). Sex, drugs, and politics: the HPV vaccine for cervical cancer. Sociology of health & illness, 30(6), 886-899.
Ceron, W., Lima-Santos, M. F., & Quiles, M. G. (2021). Fake news agenda in the era of COVID-19: Identifying trends through fact-checking content. Online Social Networks and Media, 21, 100116.
Connell, E., & Hunt, A. (2010). The HPV vaccination campaign: A project of moral regulation in an era of biopolitics. Canadian Journal of Sociology (Online), 35(1), 63.
Cunha, I. F. (2012). Análise dos media. Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.
Doyal, L. (2009). Health. In P. Essed, D. T. Goldberg, & A. Kobayashi (Eds.). A companion to gender studies (pp. 428-436). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltda.
Dubé, E., Laberge, C., Guay, M., Bramadat, P., Roy, R., & Bettinger, J. A. (2013). Vaccine hesitancy: an overview. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 9(8), 1763-1773.
Fairlclough, N. (1995). Media Discourse. New York: Oxford University Press.
Foucault, M. (1994). História da Sexualidade I – A Vontade de Saber. Lisboa: Relógio D’Água.
Foucault, M. (2013). Right of death and power over life. In T. Campbell & A. Sitze (Eds.). Biopolitics: a reader (pp. 41-81). Duham and London: Duke University Press.
Frewer, L. (2001). Consumer perceptions of the risks and benefits associated with food hazards. In P. Bennett & K.C. Calman (Eds), Risk Communication and Public Health (pp. 20-32). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Galhardi, C. P., Freire, N. P., Minayo, M. C. D. S., & Fagundes, M. C. M. (2020). Fact or Fake? An analysis of disinformation regarding the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 25, 4201-4210.
Gatens, M. (1992). Power, bodies and difference. In M. Barrett, & A. Phillips (Eds.), Destabilizing Theory (pp.120-137). Cambridge: Polity Press.
Ghenai, A., & Mejova, Y. (2017). Catching Zika fever: Application of crowdsourcing and machine learning for tracking health misinformation on Twitter. arXiv preprint arXiv:1707.03778.
Gill, R (2007), Gender and the Media. Cambridge: Polity
Jaggar, A. M., Bordo, S. R., & de Freitas, B. L. (1997). Gênero, corpo, conhecimento. Rio de Janeiro: Rosa dos Tempos.
Jain, A., Marshall, J., Buikema, A., Bancroft, T., Kelly, J. P., & Newschaffer, C. J. (2015). Autism occurrence by MMR vaccine status among US children with older siblings with and without autism. Jama, 313(15), 1534-1540.
Jervelund, S. S. (2018). How social media is transforming the spreading of knowledge: Implications for our perceptions concerning vaccinations and migrant health. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 46(2), 167–169.
Kaiser, J., Rauchfleisch, A., & Córdova, Y. (2021). Comparative Approaches to Mis/Disinformation| Fighting Zika With Honey: An Analysis of YouTube’s Video Recommendations on Brazilian YouTube. International Journal of Communication, 15, 19.
Kline, K. (2011). Popular Media and Health: Images and Effects. In T. L. Thompson,
Le Breton, D. (1995). Antropología del cuerpo y modernidade. Buenos Aires: Nueva Visión.
Lupton, D. (2003). Medicine as culture. (2 ed) Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Lyons, A. C. (2000). Examining media representations: Benefits for health psychology. Journal of health psychology, 5(3), 349-358.
Macharia, S., O'Connor, D., & Ndangam, L. (2010). Who makes the news?: Global media monitoring project 2010. World Association for Christian Communication.
Marinescu, V., & Mitu, B. (2016). The power of the media in health communication. New York and London: Routledge.
Ortiz-Martínez, Y., & Jiménez-Arcia, L. F. (2017). Yellow fever outbreaks and Twitter: Rumors and misinformation. American journal of infection control, 45(7), 816-817.
Ozawa, S.; Stack, L. M. (2013) Public trust and vaccine acceptance-international perspectives, Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 9(8), 1774-1778.
Pisciotta, M. K. (2012). Gendering Gardasil: Framing gender and sexuality in media representations of the HPV vaccine. (Master’s thesis, Portland State University) Retirado de: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/807/
Pitts, S., & Forman, S. F. (2019). Media magic or mayhem?. Current opinion in pediatrics, 31(4), 433-434.
Polzer, J. C. & Knabe, S. M. (2012): From Desire to Disease: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and the Medicalization of Nascent Female Sexuality, Journal of Sex Research, 49(4), 344-352.
Prince, J., & Shildrick, M. (Eds.) (2008). Feminist Theory and The Body: a reader. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
R. Parrott, & J. F. Nussbaum (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of health communication (2 ed) (pp. 279-294) New York and London: Routledge.
Sacramento, I. (2020) Fake news e saúde: regime de verdade e consumo de informações na contemporaneidade. In Oliveira-Costa, M. S. & Vasconcelos, W. R. M. (org.). Fake News e Saúde (pp. 95-99). Brasília: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.
Sacramento, I., & Paiva, R. (2020) Fake news, WhatsApp and vaccination against yellow fever in Brazil. MATRIZes, 14(1), 79-106.
Seale, C. (2003). Health and media: an overview. Sociology of health & illness, 25(6), 513-531.
Simões, R. B. (2016). Crime, Castigo e Género nas Sociedades Mediatizadas: Políticas de Injustiça no Discurso dos Media. Porto: Media XXI.
Spears, G., Seydegart, K., & Gallagher, M. (2000). Who makes the news. Global media monitoring project. Disponível em: http://www.erinresearch.com/images/GlobalReport2000.pdf
Stagg-Taylor, J. (2012). Writing Contagion as Cancer: Law, Gender and HPV Vaccination in Australia. No Foundations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Law and Justice 13(2016), 96-123.
Valecha, R., Volety, T., Rao, H. R., & Kwon, K. H. (2020). Misinformation sharing on Twitter during Zika: An investigation of the effect of threat and distance. IEEE Internet Computing, 25(1), 31-39.
van Dijk, T. (2017). Discurso, Notícia e Ideologia. Estudos na análise crítica do discurso. Minho: Edições Húmus.
Waisbord, S. (2022). More than an infodemic: Pandemic, pos-truth and the dangers of irrationalism. Inmediaciones de la Comunicación, 17(1), 31-53.
White, K. (2002). A sociology of health and illness. London: Sage Publications
Willard, B. E. (2005). Feminist interventions in biomedical discourse: An analysis of the rhetoric of integrative medicine. Women's Studies in Communication, 28(1), 115-148.
Wilkinson, S., & Kitzinger, C. (eds.) (1995). Feminism and discourse: psychological perspectives. London: Sage
Wodak, R. (2004). Do que trata a ACD – um resumo de sua história, conceitos importantes e seus desenvolvimentos. Linguagem em (Dis) curso, LemD, Tubarão, 4(n.esp), 223-243.
World Health Organization. (2019). “Ten threats to global health in 2019”. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/emergencies/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Estudos em Comunicação/Communication Studies is an Open Access journal. All its content is freely available without charge to the user or his institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. Estudos em Comunicação, by Labcom, is licensed under a Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 3.0 Unported License. By submitting your work to Estudos em Comunicação/Communication studies you confirm you are the author and own the copyright, that the content is original and previously unpublished, and that you agree to the licensing terms.
